The term touchdown is a holdover from gridiron's early days when the ball was required to be touched to the ground as in rugby, as rugby and gridiron were still extremely similar sports at this point. Unlike a try scored in rugby, and contrary to the event's name, the ball does not need to touch the ground when the player and the ball are inside the end zone. The officials' hand signal for a touchdown is both arms extended vertically above the head, with palms facing inward-the same signal used for a field goal or conversion. In most codes, a conversion is not attempted if the touchdown ended the game and the conversion cannot affect the outcome. Afterwards, the team that scored the touchdown kicks off to the opposing team, if there is any time left in the half. The scoring team is also awarded the opportunity for an extra point or a two-point conversion. In the NFL, a touchdown may be awarded by the referee as a penalty for a "palpably unfair act", such as a player coming off the bench during a play and tackling the runner, who would otherwise have scored. In short, any play in which a player legally carries any part of the ball over or across the opponent's goal line scores a touchdown, as is any play in which a player legally gains possession of the ball while it is on or across his opponent's goal line and both the player and ball are legally in-bounds - beyond this, the manner in which he gained possession is inconsequential.
Special teams can score a touchdown on a kickoff or punt return, or on a return after a missed or blocked field goal attempt or blocked punt. However, the defense can also score a touchdown if they have recovered a fumble or made an interception and return it to the opposing end zone. The former is called a rushing touchdown, and in the latter, the quarterback throws a touchdown pass or passing touchdown to the receiver, who either catches the ball in the field of play and advances it into the end zone, or catches it while already being within the boundaries of the end zone the result is a touchdown reception or touchdown catch. Touchdowns are usually scored by the offense by running or passing the ball. Touching one of the pylons at either end of the goal line with the ball constitutes "breaking the plane" as well. However, only the ball counts, not a player's helmet, foot, or any other part of the body. The slightest part of the ball touching or being directly over the goal line is sufficient for a touchdown to score. The play is dead and the touchdown scored the moment the ball touches plane in possession of a player, or the moment the ball comes into possession of an offensive player in the end zone (having established possession by controlling the ball and having one or both feet depending on the rules of the league or another part of the body, excluding the hands, touch the ground). This particular requirement of the touchdown differs from other sports in which points are scored by moving a ball or equivalent object into a goal where the whole of the relevant object must cross the whole of the goal line for a score to be awarded. In all gridiron codes, the touchdown is scored the instant the ball touches or "breaks" the plane of the front of the goal line (that is, if any part of the ball is in the space on, above, or across the goal line) while in the possession of a player whose team is trying to score in that end zone. To score a touchdown, one team must take the football into the opposite end zone. In American football, a touchdown is worth six points and is followed by an extra point or two-point conversion attempt.
Whether running, passing, returning a kickoff or punt, or recovering a turnover, a team scores a touchdown by advancing the ball into the opponent's end zone.
The vertical yellow bar is part of the goal post.Ī touchdown (abbreviated as TD ) is a scoring play in gridiron football. A portion of the end zone is seen as the dark strip at the bottom. Vince Young of the Texas Longhorns (ball carrier in top center) rushing for a touchdown.
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